mung bean germination experiment
Another variety of Shell beans that can be grown in classrooms and science projects is Fava beans. Caffeine can be introduced to the soil by sprinkling grounded coffee over the soil, adding leftover coffee to the pot or watering with a caffeine solution made by dissolving a caffeine tablet in water. Higher concentrations of CaONPs and FM indicate a significant reduction in levels of root and shoot cadmium contents and osmotic stress indicators. To switch between accounts click on the account below. You might want to transfer water from the two-liter bottle to the cup with a tablespoon, allowing you to exactly measure how much each pot will get. The studied yield attributes included the number of pods per plant (Fig 5A), pods weight (Fig 5B), the number of seeds per pod (Fig 5C), and thousand seeds weights (Fig 5D). It is noteworthy that root treatment with various levels of CaONPs and soil amendment with FM effectively moderated the cadmium stress and improved the growth and yield performance of the plant. The FM improved soil nutrient contents and friendly biota culminating in good yields. Why is the one kept in the dark white? Garden lime (its chemical name is calcium carbonate) will help make soil alkaline. Our theory was that as we added water, the plant would grow based on the amount of water added. Keeping in view the climate change mediated food insecurity the treatments might be useful in increasing growth and production of pulse crops and thus are helpful in sustainable agriculture. Roles Soil and Fertilization. In the next 7 to 10 days, small cotyledons appear, which appear as leaves. I hope you are having a great week! Or latest free growing e-books from our latest works. Other names to consider might be: When you've finished with the experiment, you'll know whether bean plants prefer water that is acidic or basic. The independent variable is the solution used to water the plants water, caffeine solution and a coffee mixture. Each treatment consisted of 100 g of mung bean seeds, and the experiment was done in triplicate. However, its growth, development, and yield may be restricted or limited by insufficient or unbalanced nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and potassium (K) fertilization. Therefore, there is increasing need of crop friendly and bio-rationale agricultural practices for sustainable agriculture. Higher levels of Cd induce poor nutrient acquisition patterns in mung plants targeting their growth and agronomic performance [4]. On cadmium contaminated soil (Cd), plants with treatments 5, 6, 7 and 8 received root treatments with distilled water (DW), 5 mg/L of CaONPs, and 10 mg/L and 20 mg/L CaONPs were used as the experiments positive controls. Science Sparks ( Wild Sparks Enterprises Ltd ) are not liable for the actions of activity of any person who uses the information in this resource or in any of the suggested further resources. If you decide to create an account with us in the future, you will need to enable cookies before doing so. According to the information we collected, the amount of concentration with the fastest speed and greatest height of growth was the 0% with plain tap water (control group). Though using a standard curve created with known amounts of tocopherol, the total tocopherol content was determined. The data presented in the Fig 5 shows that yield of mung beans declines under cadmium stress. Mung bean (Vigna radiata L.) is an important edible bean in the human diet worldwide. The quantification was performed using the atomic absorption spectrophotometer (AAS) (Hitachi. The main detoxifying processes are Cd build-up and exclusion in particular plant sections. WHAT DO PLANTS NEED IN ORDER TO SURVIVE? Sprinkle them with water three times a day and watch them grow. Yes The sprouts are the shoots produced when the seeds are germinated. Use this chart to record the height, in centimeters, of each plant in each of the seven cups. The students can help participate in every step of the sprouting. What amazes me the most is that all this can grow from one tiny seed with no additional nutrients other than those contained in the bean itself. In plants, CAT is a major scavenger of hydrogen peroxide, a form of reactive oxygen species (ROS) [36]. BARI Mung-5 showed the lowest (GP) reduction (18.18% to control) while the highest reduction of GP (34.78%) was recorded in BARI Mung-2 at high level of salt stress (150 mM NaCl).At high salt. The 3.75% and 5% turned dark brown and appeared to have shrunk which are signs that the seeds embryo is dead. A total of 4 irrigations were supplied to the experimental mug bean plants. They are also known as green gram or moong, or maash is widely used in Southeast Asian households. Kidney, lima, and broad beans must be cooked before eating. 6. Prepare the caffeine solution by dissolving 10g of caffeine tablets in 100ml of water in a beaker. If there are more negative ions in the water, the liquid is more basic. Almost all of the production in the U.S. is used to produce bean sprouts. Plant three bean seeds into each of the seven large, plastic cups that have been filled about three-quarters of the way with potting soil. Little ones will enjoy growing a bean for Jack and the Beanstalk. The combined application of CaONPs and FM increased the antioxidant defence of mung bean plants as the treatments synergistically improved the functioning of these enzymes. Total photosynthesis and chlorophyll contents of mung bean plants were improved by the FM and CaONPs application. They need between three and four months of frost-free conditions from planting to harvest. Wiggly worms are known for staying buried in the soil, but how does that affect plants? Present developments in agriculture and industry have increased concentrations of Cd in the croplands. This experiment studied the protective effect of polyphenol extract from germinated mung beans on diabetic C57BL/6 mice.ResultsFasting blood glucose (FBG) was decreased, glucose tolerance was increased, insulin . The present work deciphered FM and CaONPs mediated better physiological and biochemical behaviour of mung bean plants under cadmium toxicity. No, Is the Subject Area "Leaves" applicable to this article? 0000005656 00000 n If there are more positive ions in the water, the water is more acidic. Activity 2: Sprouting Bean Experiment . To make a yield profile, observations on number of pods per plant, pod weights, seed count per pod and thousand seeds weight were recorded [15]. Course Hero is not sponsored or endorsed by any college or university. The process of cross-pollinating occurs all the time in nature. It would be interesting to see if you get different results than you did when you used water of varying pH levels to water plants growing in dirt. The fascinating part about Mung bean is that it can be grown in a bag indoors. How Close to a Plant Must Pesticides Be in Order to Be Beneficial? Plant out the seeds that have shown signs of germination the same day, so Read More How Do You Grow Mung Beans Experiment? Then, drain the beans and place them in tubs with adequate drainage, again in darkness. Acid-loving plants include the following: Other plants, however, such as the ones listed here, prefer alkaline soil: Gardeners often help plants along by making the soil in which they grow either more acidic or more alkaline. If you need to make more water at the different pH levels, you'll already know how much of the pH product to add, and the second round of water will have the exact same pH levels as the first round. Farmyard manure (FM) is a soil organic amendment that provides the soils with major nutrients such as Ca, S, N, K, P and Mg. FM is an excellent source of some micronutrients such as Fe, Mn, Cu and Zn [10]. Increased cytosolic contents of Ca+2 is important for the biosynthesis of cell wall precursors. Based on the findings of this experiment, the 150 M Cd stress which inhibited growth and germination of mung bean by 50% was chosen for the current work. Record all calculations in a table. In an optimal environment, they can be grown year round. Conceptualization, https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0282531.g004, https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0282531.t004. As negative controls (NC) for the experiment, plants with treatments 1, 2, 3 and 4 were grown on soil without Cd salt and given root treatments with distilled water (DW) as control, 5 mg/L of CaONPs, 10 mg/L of CaONPs and 20 mg/L of CaONPs, respectively. A relative humidity of 73% and a mean temperature of 38.5C were noted. Add up the individual heights and divide by 10 to obtain the average height. Yes Best Fertilizer: The Effects of Fertilizer on Plant Growth. To find the ideal Cd levels, a preliminary experiment was run using various concentrations of cadmium chloride (0, 50, 100, 150, and 200 M). My experimental question was what is the effect of blue light on the height of lentil beans?, Abstract: Light from the Sun is a full spectrum of different wavelengths of light. You'll have sprouts ready for your salad in four to six days. The major functions of osmolytes are to lower water potential, keep water balance, safeguard intracellular structures, and lessen oxidative damage. By creating an account you agree to the Hunker. One thing about this experiment is that it's going to take some advance planning and a significant amount of time. Isn't a liquid just a liquid? 0000005121 00000 n Make columns on the bag with a permanent marker. Similarly, the seed pod production was higher in the single-plant treatment than the three-plant treatment (Figure 2), further supporting the hypothesis. 1 below. Thank you for sharing at Sharing Saturday! This science fair project idea determines if a particular chemical has an effect (increase or decrease) on the heart rate of Daphnia. Measure and calculate the average height of the mung bean plants every day for the next 10 days. Most authorities recommend that Alaskan pea seeds are to be planted between an inch to an inch and a half deep, which is approximately 5 centimeters., This science fair project was performed to find out the effect on plant growth of adding caffeine to the soil. 8. AsAs contents were evaluated utilising the Mukharjee and Choudhari approach [21]. In the legends 0, 5, 10, and 20 mg/L are root treatment doses of calcium oxide nanoparticles. The seeds germinate within 48 hours, and the radicle emerges from the seed. The growth of mung bean plants in terms of the number of branches and plant height was improved by the application of CaONPs and FM. When the seeds were taken out of the rooms for examination one week later all 25 of the beans that were in the warm room, in both rep one and rep two had germinated. FM improves soil structure, porosity and physiochemical traits and thus FM application to soil induces tolerance to environmental stress such as heavy metal stress [11]. Yes One drop of 10% alcoholic thiourea was added to the mixture. They were developed in 1881 by Thomas Laxton. Spearman correlation matrix was constructed to comprehend the results of the present study and to understand the correlation among the variables in mitigation of Cd stress (Table 6; Fig 6A). Responding to the environment is required for normal homeostasis and for plant adaptations to detrimental conditions. The data on biochemical parameters such as malondialdehyde, hydrogen peroxide, antioxidant enzymes, vitamins and total chlorophyll contents was observed at flowering stage (37 days after germination) soon after third irrigation. Ca is required by the seed plants for elongation of their pollen tubes and it is important for the development of root hairs. Mark each cup and match one cup with one two-liter bottle of water. Liquids will be either acidic or basic (also called alkaline), depending on whether they contain positive or negative ions. Masking tape to . For this project we had to grow lentil beans under white and blue light and water and measure them daily. Truman Perkins is a Detroit-based SEO consultant who's been in the business for over a decade. That means it's right in the middle of being acidic or basic-and it's neither. Is there a relationship between caffeine and heart rate? However, the author recommends further exploration under field conditions and in terms of other food crops to further validate the results. Following that, leaves were wiped for surface water and weighed for turgid weights. Studies have reported that the application of calcium leads to the activation of defence genes in plants which are responsible for up-regulating the functioning of antioxidants. During the parameter estimate, the average light intensity ranged from 4.68 kWh/m2 /d to 5.54 kWh/m2 /d and average temperature was observed at 38.5C [23]. We grew a bean in a glass Mason jar for each kid a couple months ago. (D) . We can take a transparent zip-lock bag. Knowing this, we aimed to determine how the salinity concentration present in the growth medium would affect the germination rate of mung beans. In all cases, the most effective way of pollution reduction was the application of 2% FM as a soil amendment and 20 mg/L CaONPs as root treatment (Table 4). I love the lessons where they get to see the roots that would be underground. Sandbox Learning is part of Sandbox & Co., a digital learning company. You'll need a bottle of each pH Up and pH Down. They are fairly easy to grow in the appropriate climate. 0000010255 00000 n Earthworms and Plant Growth - Are They Related? 0000004705 00000 n However, the data slightly supported that both wavelengths below 450 and wavelengths above 650 slightly increase raphanus sativus growth., The purpose of this project was to determine how much the amount of water effected plant growth., This experiment examines the rate of plant growth when watered with different solutions. Oxygen oxygen is needed for a plant to grow ( it is needed for respiration to occur ). Yes The catalase (CAT) activity was checked using the Chance and Maehly [18] procedure. When exposed to oxidative stress brought on by harmful heavy metals, amino acids operate as organic osmolytes, take part in osmoregulation, stabilise proteins in membranes, maintain ionic homeostasis, scavenge ROS and moderate redox potential. Document the experiment from start to finish. We have to try this! (2023) Synergistic application of calcium oxide nanoparticles and farmyard manure induces cadmium tolerance in mung bean (Vigna radiata L.) by influencing physiological and biochemical parameters. This has been shown that salinity and light had the very significant effects to the germination process of mung bean. Second, drop the coconut oil on the mung beans inside the plastic bag. For the first 5 days, water the 3 pots with tap water only. (1986). It was in the range of values from 67.3% to 97.5% given by Chiangmai et al. Effect of Artificial Light on Plant Growth. xref Additionally, the tocopherol enhancement leads to a stress moderation mechanism in plants since tocopherols are involved in protecting plants from oxygen toxicity. In this study, 0.25 g of mung bean leaves were ground in 10 mL of a TCA solution with a 6 percent concentration. Loss due to a, Ana, a vat registered lessor of commercial spaces received P1,337,500 rentals during the year from various clients, net of the 5% creditable withholding tax on rental income. An increase in the contents of these metabolites might be due to the role of CaONPs and FM in increasing the nutrient acquisition pattern by the mung plants [35]. By reducing leaf relative water content, stomatal conductance and transpiration, exposure to Cd in soil causes osmotic stress in plants which causes physiological harm to the plants. Cadmium (Cd) is one of the highly toxic metals to living organisms. You can do some research about growing bean plants to help you form a hypothesis. 993 0 obj <> endobj The easiest way to grow mung bean sprouts is to treat them like microgreens. The Effect of Caffeine on the Heart Rate of Daphnia Magna. The initial weight for A was 30.4 grams, the eight for B was 20.4 grams, and C was 31.6 grams. Mung bean (Vigna radiata L.) is a standout amongst the most imperative and critical pulse crops of Pakistan. To make mung bean sprouts, it is necessary to germinate the mung bean seeds. To 0.5 mL of phosphate buffer (pH 7.21), the resulting supernatant was added. If you enjoyed this experiment and want to try another variation of it, you could try to grow plants hydroponically-that is, in water instead of dirt-while varying the pH level of the water. the Sriti variety of mung bean seeds in vacuum packaging could maintain 90% of germination level for 421 days or 14.3 months if stored at20 , and for 173.37 days or 5.78 months if stored at 25 . The synergistic dose of 2% FM and 20 mg/L CaONPs increased the total chlorophyll contents by 37.5% and leaf net photosynthetic rate by 61%. It is so much better than the ziploc bag on the window. Competing interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist. The leaves were then submerged for four hours in distilled water. Hosseini et al., [28] reported that calcium application and bioavailability as Ca+2 increased the biosynthesis of putrescine. Data on root and shoot cadmium acquisition along with growth and yield parameters was collected on maturity i.e., 75 days old. To get the best germination rate, watch these elements: temperature of germination room (should be 65 to 70 F), sufficient water when germinating (should be sprinkled three to four times a day), and adequate drainage when the beans are germinating. Klinkow CCO Public domain via Pixaby 0000006896 00000 n e0282531. Place the bean seed in the jar resting on the napkin. Similarly, add 10g of coffee to 100ml of water in another beaker and label it coffee. This experiment shows the things that plants need in order to live. About 0.1g of leaf from each of the three replicates was homogenised in 5 mL of 0.1 percent TCA to determine the hydrogen peroxide values. The hypothesis that mung beans watered using a coffee mixture will grow the fastest has been proven to be true. Bookmark this to easily find it later. If you don't have much experience with plants, or don't have a good understanding of pH, it probably would be beneficial for you to learn more about growing plants, different types of soil, and so forth. This germination investigation is very simple but fascinating. For the temperature group, I did conditions at Despite this, there are few long-term studies of the effects of varying levels of N, P, and K combined fertilizers and the optimal fertilization . These Women's History Month activities for middle school will help your students learn how to celebrate Women's History Women's History Month Gender Wage Gap Mini-Project. Labeling each cup and each bottle will help you keep track of which water you'll use for each plant. The process of photosynthesis is when a plant absorbs sunlight, turns it into food, and uses the food as energy. The Correlation analysis evaluates the statistical relationship between two variables. The height and number of branches of the mung bean plants were significantly reduced upon imposition of cadmium toxicity. Your email address will not be published. The putrescine modulates the growth and biomass of mung bean plants. The longest wavelengths visible the human eye are red (700 nanometers). Higher levels of soil rhizosphere Cd result in poor stomatal conductance, reduction in net photosynthesis, and reduced transpiration in the mung bean plants. By using protocol devised by Arnon [20], the total chlorophyll contents of each experimental trials plants were assayed. PAL is a key enzyme in dealing with environmental stressors in plants [37]. When one variable rises and the other one follows, there is a positive link between the two variables. It's very important that the cups containing the bean seeds are all kept in the same conditions. What Kinds of Water Yield Fastest Plant Growth? (Maybe it is just me, but those always get so nasty. By the time you finish, you'll have had valuable lessons in both botany and chemistry, and have a better understanding of how branches of science overlap. You also can purchase these supplies from your local pet supply store, hobby shop, or from online sources. After some days, we will see the beans sprouting. They are one of the fastest-growing beans, which makes it even better for growing in a classroom. A standard curve that was created using various AsA standards allowed for the calculation of the AsA concentration in the extracted leaf sample. I would like to know just why this works. The change in mass is validated in the tables below., The purpose of this lab was to determine which concentration of Miracle Gro was ideal for the germination of seeds. Determine the corresponding type of germination (epigeal or hypogeal) on the table no. This science project examines the effect of culverts on plant growth in streams. Department of Botany Hazara University, Mansehra, KP, Pakistan. Warning - you are about to disable cookies. Over the next 10 days, water the pots once a day with 100ml water, caffeine solution or coffee mixture, according to the labels on the pots. Although this section is classified as a botany project, you'll notice as you work through it that it contains a fair amount of chemistry, as well. HIGHLIGHTS who: Andreas Fellner et al. Additionally, Ca acts as important signalling metal in cell cycle regulation events. /(RbAH!m8+RS 1038 0 obj<>stream Seed Preparation and Germination. No, Is the Subject Area "Seeds" applicable to this article? It takes around 90 days for Pinto beans to grow. How to Care for Sontakka Flower (White Ginger Lily)? Several studies have reported the impact of organic manures in boosting antioxidant defence [40, 41]. It's just pure water. 0000101976 00000 n Dried Pinto beans are then placed inside the bag with a wet or damp paper towel. 0000008356 00000 n Drain. Record the average heights in a table, as shown below. On the basis of our results, we recommend the use of FM and CaONPs supplementation to the croplands affected by the stress of the heavy metals. S Cd: Shoot cadmium contents; R Cd: Root cadmium contents; PH: Plant height; NOB/P: Number of branches per plant; MDA: malondialdehyde contents; H2O2: Hydrogen peroxide levels; CAT: Catalase functioning; PAL: Phenylalanine ammonia lyase activity; AA: Ascorbic acid; TP: Total Tocopherol contents; NOP/P: Number of pods per plant; PW: Pod weight; NS/P: number of seeds per pod; 1000 SW: Thousand seeds weight; TC: Total Chlorophyll contents. 1. In each treatment, 20 g . Department of Botany, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan, Roles HMo0 =$)+!vz0R8]`~>}IX(_*,n7+@Z ~ eZFti O} 8>h(n]"I'>XRqD The whole experiment revolves around the effect that the quantity of water has, If coconut oil is added to mung beans then they will grow more, vitamins and essential fatty acids naturally. If there are more positive ions in the water, the water is more acidic. Water thoroughly. Now to get some beans x. This is the reason why the application of Ca reduced Cd acquisition by roots and shoots of mung bean plants [26]. How to Attract Parrot to your Garden & Balcony? Similarly, mung bean crop is facing environmental stress of Cd and its yield is being decreasing and quality is also deteriorating. There was a linearly decreasing trend in root and shoot cadmium contents due to FM application and CaONPs. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0282531.g002, https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0282531.t003. Last Updated on March 19, 2021 by Emma Vanstone. 0000007814 00000 n The synergistic application of CaONPs as root treatment and FM as soil amendment decreased the uptake of cadmium by the roots and shoots of mung bean plants. The majority of inorganic contaminants in soils do not degrade chemically or microbiologically and their concentration remains in the soil for a very long time after application. Optional: soak in water a couple of hours before the activity to speed up germination without changing the appearance of the seeds. Ask them to check on the beans every day to see sprouting and then harvest their efforts after about 60 days. These extractions were centrifuged at 10,000 rpm for 5 min. Pinto beans are one of the most widely consumed staple foods in Northern Mexico and the US. Most of the materials you'll need though, are common household items. Science experiments using plants are well-known. It is probably best not to sprout these for eating. The mixtures were ultrasonicated to achieve uniform dispersions [13]. In the cold room for the second week none of the beans had germinated. 0000002254 00000 n 0000088423 00000 n Discover a faster, simpler path to publishing in a high-quality journal. A mixture of 4 mL of leaf extract and 2 mL of a Dinitrophenyl Hydrazine solution at 2% was used. Yes The application of FM under CaONPs treatment was effective in mitigating cadmium stress and improving plant performance. Seeds of Vigna radiata cv. For this experiment, we set out to find if density and time had an effect on growth of mung bean plants. Fold your napkin or kitchen roll and place in the jar. 0000004755 00000 n How to Grow Insulin Plant in your Garden? Disable Ad block to reveal all the links. Did your hypothesis prove to be correct? Add pH Up or pH Down to the other bottles so that one bottle has a pH level of 1, one has a pH level of 3, one has a pH level of 5, one has a pH level of 7, one has a pH level of 9, one has a pH level of 11, one has a pH level of 13. Hydroponics is the practice of growing plants in water instead of soil. Addition of 2% FM and 20 mg/L CaONPs proved the most effective role in decreasing the cadmium acquisition from the soil by the mung bean plants through lowering cadmium acquisition in shoots and roots by 51.4% and 33.9%, respectively as compared to cadmium treated plants receiving 0 mg/L CaONPs and without farmyard manure applicated soil (Table 3; Fig 2A and 2B). HlA0wL&8 AZ]JH=xOp(cRTH3\u+9g(71Z6 *JOkT*O|?fID4~FE)-N\`d6:`bLTy=oIiGi/HCa4C}d0 JU%+R-la+e>*AJb+:xIc.m m!L I love this idea. Any metallic chemical compound that has a relatively high density and is dangerous and toxic even at low concentrations is referred to as a trace metal. A package of test strips in a hobby shop should run you somewhere about $3 or $4. You should have 50 strips to make sure you have enough for the experiment. x1 04 n\GbG"`'M-j~~ 4. Germination time is 7 to 14 days. We enable strictly necessary cookies to give you the best possible experience on Education.com. This is really easy: soak a small handful of mung beans in (preferably filtered) water for 24 hours. Studies have shown that inhibiting inflammation and regulating intestinal microflora imbalance is a significant factor in controlling the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Determine the Effect of Gray Water on Plant Growth. My hypothesis was that as salt concentration increases then the percent of seed germination eventually decreases. The results for the second fast plant were very similar. Additional seeds can be placed in the pots in case some of the seeds do not germinate; the additional plants can be removed later. Thank you! (C) Y1H experiment showing that VrMYB90 could bind to the promoters of VrDFR and VrANS. An increase in PAL activities might be due to Cd toxicity-induced cellular damage as an increase in the functioning of these enzymes is a part of the internal defence response by the plants. When a seed absorbs water it starts to swell up, the outer coat of the seed cracks and roots start to grow through. Wait until the soil has warmed to 65 degrees Fahrenheit. The addition of 10 mL of 1 percent H2SO4 stopped the reaction. We checked the growth of our mung bean seeds a second time and we observed the results: 0% exhibited 15 cm of growth showing signs of growth through its stalk, roots, and leaves. Finally, allow the mung beans to germinate and observe. Don't assume that all plants within a cup will grow equally. Half the seeds are placed in a sunny spot while the other containers are covered with cardboard, so no light reaches them. medium with less light had no germination occurred. After 5 to 7 days, check for germinating seeds. Seeds buried too deeply in the soil wont grow. LSD 5% values for stomatal conductance and transpiration rate were calculated as 11.627 and 0.096, respectively which depict a significant statistical difference among the mung plants grown under various treatment groups involving negative control, positive control, Cd +1% FM and Cd+ 2% FM. We love this activity. Calcium ions (Ca+2) and Cadmium ions (Cd+2) have the same valence and almost the same ionic radii. S Cd: Shoot cadmium contents; R Cd: Root cadmium contents; PH: Plant height; NOB/P: Number of branches per plant; MDA: malondialdehyde contents; H2O2: Hydrogen peroxide level; AA: Ascorbic acid; TP: Total Tocopherol contents; NOP/P: Number of pods per plant; PW: Pod weight; NS/P: number of seeds per pod; 1000 SW: Thousand seeds weight; TC: Total Chlorophyll contents. The imposition of cadmium stress on the experimental mung bean plants significantly enhanced the leaf malondialdehyde contents (Fig 3A). You'll also control all other factors, such as how much water and light each plant gets. Observe the cups every day, watering when the soil appears dry. Dry the seeds on newspaper. genotypes (BARI Mung-6 . AGEHc4SU-1|cZq g2 Cx2piU]@:cz850XqG `:+ce(jH ' Ca forms complexes with the cell membrane lipids and thus it stabilizes the membrane structure. Seeds in this experiment are undergoing an early stage of plant growth called germination: when seeds soak up water, softens its outer shell, and sprouts out.
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